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(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. DIGKSON.

METHOD OF MAKING BRICK. No. 346,359. Patented July 27, 1886.

. ognphan Washington, 0. c

HENRY n ck'soN, or rrTTssuRc, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO SUSAN VCATHERINE DICKSON, F SAME PLACE I METHOD or MAKING BRICK.

, useful Improvements in Methods of Making In the accompanying drawings,which form ,a citisoaking-vat and tempering-mill, molding the 0 Brick;.and I do hereby declare the'following part of this specification,Figure 1 is a perto be a full, clear, and exact description of thespective view of a brick-yard provided with invention, such as willenable others skilled my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical and to in theart to which itappertains to make and transverse section of the dryingfloor and the use the same. vessel for receiving the product ofcoudensa- Experience in brick-making has demontion. Fig. 3 'i'sa topview or plan of the heatstrated the fact that the class of brick knowning-pipes arranged upon a foundation conto the trade as handmade, brickare the structed of boards. :5 best for building purposes; and it-.--isalso a Reference bei g had to the drawings,Arepknown as pressed brick,employed in conwith the usual furnace and stack and the ap- 6 structingthe front walls of buildings, are the pendages common to steam-boilers.

t when made from tempered clay and Brepresents an ordinary steam-engine.2o molded by hand prior to being subjected to 0 represents an ordinarysteam-pump for the action of the brick-press. It is also well supplyingthe boiler and soaking-vat D and understood by brick-manufacturers andbricktem pering-mill E with water.

layers that the ineflicieucy of the presentstate F represents a shedcovering the dryingof the art in drying brick is the cause of greatfloor G, which is constructed as follows The 2 5 loss in themanlpnlatlon of the brick and the earth being 'suitablyescavatedaflooror founin the wall, when such clipping'is necessary H,properly'embedded, which boards should 0 the trowel. This loss isdueto'twocauses-to plane, the heating device, which consists of crackingof the green brick in the process of y transverse pipes K drying. r Thegreat desideratumin brick is density should not be more than threeinches apart. 5 in the body, power to sustain great weight .The pipesare covered with a layer of sharp without cracking or crushing,and atthe same sand, as indicated at L. Upon thislayer of time readily chppingunder the action of the sharp sand an earthen floor, M, is constructed 85 trowel in the process of laying. of tempered clay, which should befrom about 4 My invention has forits object the making two to threeinches thick, made smooth by o of a brick of increased density,with lesslia *means of a roller or other suitable device.

bility to crack in the drying proce'ss,and, when we heater or manifoldcomm unicateswith theburned, belng susceptible of sustaininga greatexhaust of an engine through the medium. of 9 weight withoutcracking,and at the same time a pipe, N, which also communicates, bymeans .clipping with ease andcertainty under the of a pipe, 0, with thesupply-pipe P, which 45 action of the trowel, which, results I obtaincommunicates with the steam-drum Q of the by the'probess hereinafterstated, consisting, boiler A- The mauifoldgcommnnicates, by

briefly, in making brick from clay moistened means of a pipe, R, with'awelLpr vessel,

and heated be ore it is molded intobrick by which receives the productof 'co'fi'densation om the steam-heating pipes. essel S communicateswith arough the medium of apipe,

, communicates w he medium of a pipe, U, to which is attached b pipe, V,which commu )ering mill E and with the soaking-vat D by tempering,

are easily T. The pump The well or floor, causes them to dry faster andwith less 6 the pump liability to crack than can be done by any proiththe boiler A through neaus of a. branch pipe,

pipes mentioned are provided with suitable valves for the purpose of rof steam or water through'thei All of the parts being con scribed, theiroperation is as follows: Steam is generated in the boiler A,

ducted to the engi of pipe Rwhich communicates drum Q. With the exhaustgine communicates a pipe, nicates with the pipe J of the manifold-heaterne B through the medium with the steam- -port of the en- N, whichcommuunder the earthen floor G, the

circulates through said heater, and the product of condensation flowsinto the well or vessel S through the medium of pipe R, whichcommunicates with the mani fol the earthen floor G. The well S andsteame with each other through pump 0 communicat The'pump also themedium of a pipe, T

communicates with the boiler a ipe, U, whereby the pr r tion is carriedback into th soakiugwat D or temperingmill E through the pipe V and itsbranch W adjusting the valves for-, regu through the several pipes theboiler is supplied with hot water, the clay in the vat D soaked withhotwater,'and hot water supplied to the clay in'thetemperingmill,whereby the clay, the tempering-mill to the as it comesfrom brick-molder, is in a heated c 40 freshly-molded brick are bornited upon the earthen floor manner.

nicates with the temegulating the flow structed as deoduct of condensaeboiler A or to the The several which is conexhaust-steam v d-heaterunder A by means of By suitably lating the how ondition. The

e ofi' and depos- G in the usual It will be observed that the brickbeiugformed from clay in a 5 deposited upon the floor G in are saved, whichwere foreral hours in time merly required for bringing temperature tothe point at which by my pro: cess they are deposited upon the floor.

ond, they act as a the brick up in heated condition and said state, sev

serve a twofold purpose: l First, they cut ofi communication between theing the absorption of the heat 5 by the earth upon is built.

The strata o rapidly takes up the heat fr and communicates it to theearthen floor G, i

which the floor G and the earth below the boards; secnon-conductor-forpreventoi the manifold drying-floor G f clean sharp sand L om themanifold which is very solid and compact, and absorbs moisture from theheated brick deposited thereon. The rapid absorp- I very rapidly thetion of the moistu re of the bri ck by the heat- 7 ed floor, inconjunction with the heated condition of the brick when deposited uponsaid cess known to the art 0 has demonstrated different treatmen Someclays will tempered, and work smoothly in expenditure .of power,

I brick-making.

In the process of making brick experience the operation of moldi requireamountvo much "time in notwithstanding this co not work smoothly in thatdifferent clays require t and different degrees of readily soak ng,while other clays soaking and a great f stirring in thetempering-mill,aud, 5

nsumption of time and the tempered clay does the operation of molding. 1It has also been ascertained that different kinds of water (by soft, andwate the soaking a duce different e clay with hot water,

from their lower side n which Tmean hard,

r containing sulphur) usedin ud tempering operation profi'ects upon theclay, and in the process of burning the brick, soft water alwaysproducing the best efl'ect. I

By'my method of soaking and tempering the difficulties above mentionedare obviated, and the bad effect upon the freshly-molded brick ofbeating them (after being placed upon'the drying-floor) o pwardisavoided.

It is self-evident that in the ordinary prothe drying and burningprocess.

It will be observed in my process of making brick, that in the dryi ngof them the brick,

when placed upon the drying-floor, have a high degree of heat throughoutthe body of sa'tion.

the brick infused by the hot water'ot' conden- This moist heat isabsorbed by the heated drying-floor, and about the last of this moistureis always next to the floor, and by c the time that the heatedfloorhas-absorbed all of this moisture inthe ready to set in the kil brickthey are about no n. It will be further observed that in the absorptionof thisheated to moisture the brick contract evenly and uniformlywithout crackiug In other applications for Letters Patent of I I 5 evendate of filing I h ave claimed the process of heating the drying-floorwith steam and utilizing the water of condensation for moistening andtempering clay and supplying the boiler, as herein described, and themeans emr 20 ployed for carrying on t my invention.

Having thus fully described my'invent-ion,

what I claim is-- 1. The process of making brick, which con:

sists, first, in moistening and heating clay in 1 2 5 a vat with hotwater; clay in second, tempering the a mill to which hot'waterisintroduced; third, moldingtheheatedj and tem- 346,359 g dd '3 peredclay into brick, and, finally, drying the freshly-molded brick upon anelrthen floor I 1nold d brick by placingit upon a heated eated' bysteam, snbstantiallyasdesci i'bed. earthen floor, substantially asdescribed. In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature in 2. The process ofmaking brink, which conpresence of two witnesses.

5 sists, first, in moistening or soaking clay wit-h hot water ofcondensation; second, tempering HENRY D ICKSON' the clay by adding morehot. water of conden Witnesses: sat-ion; third, molding brick from theheated JAMES J. JOHNSTON, and temperedclay, and, finally, drying theHENRY F; BRINTON.

